-
Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Agronomic Traits and Photosynthetic Performance of Mung Bean
Tian Qiu,
Hua Rong Tang,
Hui Lai Zhang,
Xin Wang,
Jian Xiong Yang,
Hong Li,
Xiao Yu Zhang,
You Li Zhang,
Shu Sheng Zheng,
Yu Ling Gao,
Qiang Sun,
Yong Xia Guo
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
39-43
Received:
18 June 2021
Accepted:
5 July 2021
Published:
15 July 2021
Abstract: This study is based on the early discovery that DCPTA has important regulation function to prevent mung bean flower and pod abscission, Spraying DCPTA at the initial flowering stage of mung bean has better effect than other commonly used plant growth regulators on reducing abscission of mung bean flowers and pods. It is further proved that it is an effective strategy to improve the yield of mung bean. Through the combination of pot experiment and field experiment, Spraying different plant growth regulators (PGRs) at the initial flowering stage of mung bean, study the effects of different plant growth regulators on agronomic traits, physiological and biochemical indexes and photosynthetic performance of mung bean, Lvfeng 2 and Lvfeng 5 mung bean varieties were used as materials, and spraying water at the initial flowering stage of mung bean was used as control. DCPTA and α-NAA were sprayed on the leaves. The morphological indexes of plant height were recorded, and determination of dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic indexes in different parts. The results showed that DCPTA could improve the plant height, main stem node number and leaf area of Lvfeng 5, and the fresh and dry weight of Lvfeng 5 could be significantly improved by DCPTA treatment. However, Taking “Lvfeng 2” as experimental material, the effect of different plant growth regulators on improving fresh and dry weight was not obvious. In terms of photosynthetic performance, each treatment of Lvfeng 5 can improve the photosynthetic performance related indicators, the comprehensive effect of DCPTA > α-NAA.
Abstract: This study is based on the early discovery that DCPTA has important regulation function to prevent mung bean flower and pod abscission, Spraying DCPTA at the initial flowering stage of mung bean has better effect than other commonly used plant growth regulators on reducing abscission of mung bean flowers and pods. It is further proved that it is an...
Show More
-
Genotype X Environment Interaction and Stability Analysis for Grain Yield of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Genotypes Under Low Moisture Stress Areas of Ethiopia
Alemu Dabi,
Gadisa Alemu,
Negash Geleta,
Abebe Delessa,
Tafesse Solomon,
Habtemariam Zegaye,
Dawit Asnake,
Bayisa Asefa,
Rut Duga,
Abebe Getamesay,
Demeke Zewudu,
Zerihun Tadesse,
Bedada Girma,
Ayele Badebo,
Bekele Abeyo
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
44-52
Received:
11 March 2021
Accepted:
16 April 2021
Published:
21 July 2021
Abstract: A multi-locations’ experiments were carried out from 2018 to 2019 main cropping seasons in moisture stress areas of Ethiopia to estimate the genotype x environment interaction and to select stable and adaptable variety/ies for grain yield of bread wheat. The genotypes consisted of 23 genotypes and two standard checks arranged in alpha lattice design replicated three times. Data were taken for agronomic traits and diseases. Analysis of variances and stability analysis were carried out for grain yield using R software. Combined analysis of variance showed a highly significant (p≤0.01) difference among the genotypes, locations, and GEI for grain yield suggesting a differential response of genotypes across testing environments. The grand mean yield over nine environments was 5251.90 kg ha-1 and the mean yield of genotypes across nine environments ranged from 1539.29 kg ha-1 in 2018 at Dhera to 7621.87 kg ha-1 in 2018 at Kulumsa, respectively. The recorded mean yield of the standard check Deka (5066.543 kg ha-1) and Ogolcho (4018.39 kg ha-1) was below the grand mean yield of genotypes across environments. The Genotypes ETBW 9136 (5731.79 kg ha-1), ETBW 9139 (5844.87 kg ha-1), ETBW 9646 (5754.01 kg ha-1), ETBW9172 (5634.01 kg ha-1), ETBW9641 (5545.03 kg ha-1), ETBW 9080 (5545.31 kg ha-1) and ETBW9396 (5467.04 kg ha-1) gave the highest mean grain yield across environments, whereas the standard check Ogolcho recorded lowest mean grain yield across environments. The first four principal components of the GEI explained 85.6% of the variation. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) stability parameters revealed that the genotypes ETBW 9080 (G11), ETBW 9172 (G12), ETBW 9646 (G19), ETBW 9396 (G13), ETBW 9452 (G14), ETBW 9136 (G5) and ETBW 9139 (G6) were high yielder and more stable inferring little interaction of genotypes with the environment whereas Ogolcho (G25), ETBW 9119 (G3), ETBW 9647 (G20) and ETBW 9065 (G8) was low yielder and unstable suggesting high interaction with the environments. Based on stability parameters and other agronomic traits, the genotypes viz. ETBW 9396 (G13) and ETBW 9080 (G11), were proposed for variety verification and possible release in 2021.
Abstract: A multi-locations’ experiments were carried out from 2018 to 2019 main cropping seasons in moisture stress areas of Ethiopia to estimate the genotype x environment interaction and to select stable and adaptable variety/ies for grain yield of bread wheat. The genotypes consisted of 23 genotypes and two standard checks arranged in alpha lattice desig...
Show More
-
Screening of Selected Garlic Varieties Against White Rot Disease Caused by Sclerotium cepivorum at Dhaka City of Bangladesh
Umme Habiba Akter,
Fatema Begum,
Md Rafiqul Islam,
Mst Rehena Khatun,
Md Mozidul Islam
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
53-59
Received:
14 July 2021
Accepted:
28 July 2021
Published:
4 August 2021
Abstract: White rot caused by Sclerotium cepivorum fungus is a crucial soil borne disease on garlic damaging allium production globally including Bangladesh. In this study eight isolates of Sclerotium cepivorum were isolated from naturally infected garlic plants collected from the central farm and isolated in the central lab of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to determine the prevalence of white rot disease incidence and severity and characterized for cultural and morphological variabilities of the isolated pathogen. Eight garlic varieties viz. BAU Rashun-1, BAU Rashun-2, BARI Rashun-1, BARI Rashun-2, BARI Rashun-3, BARI Rashun-4, Local Deshi and Local Indian were explored with three replication in the study. Results showed that the highest disease incidence and severity against white rot disease (33.33% and 89.33%) were appeared in the BARI Rashun-3 variety. Lowest disease incidence and severity (5.00% and 60%) were recorded on Local Indian variety. Almost all of the isolates had cottony fluffy growth on potato dextrose agar. The colony color varied from milky white to cottony watery white with regular, circular, smooth, cotton like sometimes striped surface texture was found. After 10 days of incubation all the isolates had suppressed growth on PDA media as it is a fast growing pathogen.
Abstract: White rot caused by Sclerotium cepivorum fungus is a crucial soil borne disease on garlic damaging allium production globally including Bangladesh. In this study eight isolates of Sclerotium cepivorum were isolated from naturally infected garlic plants collected from the central farm and isolated in the central lab of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural Uni...
Show More
-
Long Term Sugarcane Cultivation Effect on Selected Physical and Hydraulic Properties of Soils at Three Ethiopian Sugarcane Estates
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
60-72
Received:
9 August 2021
Accepted:
31 August 2021
Published:
4 September 2021
Abstract: The long term use of heavy weighted agricultural vehicles for sugarcane cultivation has caused long lasting soil physical and hydraulic properties altering. However, information on the extent of change is scant. In this context, a study was conducted in 2017 to investigate the effect of long term mechanized sugarcane cultivation on status of soil physical and hydraulic properties at three pioneer Ethiopian Sugar Estates. In order to achieve this objective, Composite and core soil samples were collected from 0-30 layer of fields for laboratory analysis. Results of the study indicated that soils under cultivation had higher clay contents than uncultivated soils. The bulk density and total porosity values were out of optimum ranges for sugarcane cultivation. Soils under sugarcane had higher available water holding capacity than the uncultivated soils. Available water holding capacity of the three estates is above the threshold value ideal for sugarcane cultivation. The mean basic infiltration rate value of uncultivated land was greater than the cultivated lands. From these findings one can conclude that long term cultivation of sugarcane induces soil compaction which decreased the total pore space of a soil mainly by increasing fineness of the soils. The existing soil management based on pF2 classes of the three estates is poorly related with soil physical and hydraulic parameters. The gradual water releasing behaviors manifested by clay soils of Ethiopian Sugar Estates could be considered as an asset in increasing yield per fields of the estates if accompanied by good soil water managements. Hence, to maintain sustainability of sugarcane production in the three estates; soil management practices that can protect/ ameliorate soil compaction are important. Nevertheless, to develop a concrete recommendation and to measure the long term effects of sugarcane cultivation on properties of state soils further research studies are needed.
Abstract: The long term use of heavy weighted agricultural vehicles for sugarcane cultivation has caused long lasting soil physical and hydraulic properties altering. However, information on the extent of change is scant. In this context, a study was conducted in 2017 to investigate the effect of long term mechanized sugarcane cultivation on status of soil p...
Show More
-
Determination of NPS Fertilizer Rate Based on Calibrated Phosphorus for Yield of Bread Wheat in Wachale District, North Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
Abera Donis,
Dejene Getahun,
Tadele Geremu,
Dereje Girma,
Abreham Feyisa,
Lello Dejene,
Meron Tolosa
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
73-77
Received:
21 May 2021
Accepted:
13 July 2021
Published:
8 September 2021
Abstract: Farmers are using NPS fertilizer rates in the area without any recommendation of crop response to the respective fertilizers This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of NPS fertilizer rate for higher yield of bread wheat in Wachale district. The experiment consisted six rates of NPS fertilizer rate supplemented with 92 kg N ha-1 laid out in RCBD with three replications. Improved variety of bread wheat Danda’a was used. The analyzed result indicated that, plant height and wheat grain yield were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by NPS fertilizer rate. The highest (94.56 cm) plant height was recorded from the application of 100% P-critical in NPS fertilizer rate and the lowest (63.62 cm) plant height was recorded from unfertilized plot. The highest (2833 kg ha-1) grain yield was obtained from the application of 100% P-critical in NPS fertilizer rate and the lowest (888 kg ha-1) grain yield was obtained from unfertilized plot. Partial budget analysis showed that the highest net benefit (53401.51 ETB ha-1) and marginal rate of return (MRR) (1093.80%) were obtained from the fertilizer application of 100% P critical in NPS fertilizer). Therefore, 100% equivalent rate of NPS fertilizer rate in relative to determined critical phosphorus supplemented with 92 kg N ha-1 for bread wheat could be recommended and thus soil test based crop response phosphorus fertilizer recommendation with 92 kg ha-1 of Nitrogen could be demonstrated and further scaled up for Bread wheat in Wachale district.
Abstract: Farmers are using NPS fertilizer rates in the area without any recommendation of crop response to the respective fertilizers This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of NPS fertilizer rate for higher yield of bread wheat in Wachale district. The experiment consisted six rates of NPS fertilizer rate supplemented with 92 kg N ha-1 laid ou...
Show More
